Monday 30 November 2015

This Diet Makes Immune Cells Eat Connections Between Neurons

This Diet Makes Immune Cells Eat Connections Between Neurons


By Jeremy Dean 

This Diet Makes Immune Cells Eat Connections Between Neurons
...but the detrimental effect was easily reversed in two weeks

A high-fat diet can cause immune cells in the brain to start destroying connections between neurons.

Naturally, losing these connections is bad for your brain.

The effects of a high-fat diet, however, can be reversed in just two weeks (in mice at least).

Dr Alexis M. Stranahan, who led the study, said:

“Microglia eating synapses is contributing to synapse loss and cognitive impairment in obesity.
On the one hand, that is very scary, but it’s also reversible, meaning that if you go back on a low-fat diet that does not even completely wipe out the adiposity, you can completely reverse these cellular processes in the brain and maintain cognition.”

The study provides some of the first evidence of why fat is bad for the brain.

The root of the problem is that a high-fat diet produces chronic inflammation.

This stimulates the body’s microglia, a part of the immune system, which then get out of control, as Dr Stranahan explained:

“Normally in the brain, microglia are constantly moving around.

They are always moving around their little fingers and processes.

What happens in obesity is they stop movin

They draw in all their processes; they basically just sit there and start eating synapses.

When microglia start eating synapses, the mice don’t learn as effectively.”

Researchers compared one group of mice getting 10% fat in their diet with another receiving 60% fat.

After 12 weeks the mice on the high-fat diet were obese.

More than that, though, their synapses were getting fried at an increased rate.

The killing of non-functioning synapses is fine normally, Dr Stranahan explained:

“That is one way the developing brain refines itself.
It allows you to keep only those synapses that you need or the synapses you have been using.”

But the problem is that…

“Fat dramatically alters their dynamic.

Instead of doing garbage disposal, they are taking your mailbox, your front door, your kitchen sink and all the stuff that you need, and not doing their job of getting rid of trash.” 

Our Cyber Monday Favorite Things – Holiday Gifts for Travel

Our Cyber Monday Favorite Things – Holiday Gifts for Travel

It’s that time of year again! The time when everyone is scrambling to find the perfect giftfor the ones they love. If you are anything like us, I’m sure you have a friend or loved one that enjoys their vacation time, so we thought we’d help make things easier for you by rounding up a few of our favourite holiday gifts for travel.

holiday gifts for travel
Gifts for Travel by TravelSmith
And better yet, we’re giving you a deal! You’ll receive 15% off your purchase at TravelSmith when you spend $50 or more by using PlanetD discount code.
So without further adieu, enjoy our these holiday gifts ideas for the travel lover in Your life.

Holiday Gifts for Travel

For Him

See more gift ideas for men’s travel at Travel Clothes for Guys
Audio-Technica Noise Cancelling HeadphonesIf your husband is anything like mine, he loves his music. Dave cannot travel without it and noise cancelling headphones are the way to go when it comes to traveling.
Harris Tweed and Leather Dopp KitA man needs to be organized and this dopp kit is a classy way to store all his toiletries in one place. It’s leather base keeps things dry and easy to clean to.
Merino Blend V-Neck VestI’m ordering this one for Dave for Christmas (shh don’t tell him) I love how a vest spruces up a simple shirt and pants. It’s perfect for a night out when you want to look smart, but don’t want to look like you are trying too hard.
eTools OrganizerMy guy loves his electronics but all the chords and accessories that go along with them can be overwhelming, that’s where the eTools Organizer comes in handy with elastic loops and different compartments for all his electronic accessories.
Leather Touch Screen GlovesThere’s nothing worse than having to take your gloves off on a cool day to to use your smart phone. The touch sensor technology has put an end to all that and they look classy too!
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For Her

Looking for more gift ideas for travellers? Check out 10 Must Have Items to Make Air Travel Easier
Rejuvawear Footless Compression LeggingsThese leggings are perfect for the after holiday season when we all have enjoyed a little too much holiday cheese balls and egg nog. The compression leggings hold everything in in all the right places.
Ushma Gold Silk WrapI recently ordered this wrap from TravelSmith and fell in love with it. It keeps me warm on the plane when the air conditioning is cranked too high, it dresses up my evening outfit, and it keeps me modest when walking into a temple overseas. It’s great for everything.
Pacsafe Cross Body BagI love my Pacsafe tote and if I didn’t have to carry a computer with me and so much camera gear, I’d use the cross body bag instead. It’s streamlined and stylish and best of all, it blocks cyber thieves with RFID technology.
Dual Voltage Flat Iron – I have ruined more than one flat iron and curling iron while traveling overseas. While many electronics now automatically have dual voltage, hair accessories normally do not. That’s why a dual voltage flat iron is a must for the female traveller in your life. I use my flat iron to straighten and curl my hair. I haven’t used a curling iron in years once I learned how to curl and manipulate my locks with a flat iron.
3-in-1 Sweater BlanketWomen love a versatile piece of clothing and the 3-in-1 Sweater Blanket is as versatile as it gets. Use it as a pillow, a blanket or dress up an outfit on a cool evening this is stylish and functional.

Stocking Stuffers

Check out more holiday gifts for travel lovers: We Recommend 8 Great Travel Organizers
Handle WrapsI cannot tell you how many times my handle wraps have helped me differentiate my luggage from someone else’s. We put them on every handle we’ve got to make them stand out from the crowd.
Smart EnvelopeDave has never packed so well since he got his smart envelope. His shirts come out almost perfectly pressed instead of a crumpled mess when flying. After we unpack, we just give them a spritz with wrinkle wiz garment spray and he’s good to go.
T-Shirt CubesIf you talk to any well-travelled person these days, their favourite item for packing is most definitely cubes. Packing cubes are a great way to save on space and organize your clothes.
Bottle Protectors – If you are like me, you always buy the local spirit of the destination you are visiting. We’ve got a great 16 year old whiskey that we’re nearly out of and we can’t wait to go back to Ireland to replenesh it! A Bottle protector ensures that your treasured liqueur will make it to its final destination instead of broken in your luggage caused by a rogue piece of gear.
TSO Foldable DayPackTravelers often need a daypack when sightseeing but I hate to pack another heavy bag. Instead, we opt for foldable day packs. This one packs into its own pocket and is lightweight making it easy to pack away in your luggage ready for use whenever you need it.

6 Ways This Introvert-Extravert Couple Makes Travel Work

6 Ways This Introvert-Extravert Couple Makes Travel Work

Being an introvert and an extravert in a relationship together has its challenges. One of us is unbelievably chatty (that’s me, Amy), and loves to share every thought that passes through my curly little head. Then there’s Nathan: reserved, quiet, contemplative.
I was a musical theatre major in college. I thrived on singing, dancing, and performing before an audience. Themed costume parties every weekend with my loud, boisterous classmates. Improv comedy class? Sign me up. Nathan was a history student. A writer and a deep thinker, he had a small group of close friends and relished time spent alone.

An Introvert – Extravert Travel Couple

introvert extravert couple
And Introvert and Extravert Go Travelling Together…
Are you a couple looking to travel together? Check out How to Survive Couples Travel together
But introvert and extravert are simply labels. Though Nathan and I are on separate ends of this spectrum, we are not complete opposites, and our tendencies often overlap. As well, introversion and extraversion are not just about socializing, as is commonly thought, but have a greater significance relating to the way we deal with the world. Indeed, these qualities affect nearly everything we do, including travel.
Traveling as an Introvert& An Extravert

What is an Introvert?

An introvert is a person who deals primarily internally with things. They typically have an active mind of great depth and enjoy spending time in solitude. This is because introverts have a rich inner world which keeps them occupied and delighted. Socializing or spending time in groups tends to drain the introvert, who has to use a great deal of energy to engage outwardly. Introverts may or may not be shy, but no matter how social they are, they need time to recharge. Spending time alone and doing solitary activities is the best way for an introvert to feel at their best.
Hey Travel Couples, enjoy this read: A confession to my Travel Partner

What is an Extravert?

Extraverts aren’t always social butterflies, but they do find that connecting with others gives them energy. These folks relate externally with the world. Extraverts are likely to be talkative and energetic. They may need human interaction to feel vibrant and to have a strong sense of self. Although they may enjoy spending time alone now and again, most extraverts don’t require it. Much of the time they would prefer to be sharing moments and memories with those they love.
Based on the descriptions above, Nathan is a true introvert and I a true extravert. But people are unique and more than just a description. As an extravert, my personal quirk is that I process my thoughts out loud. Thus, I talk probably 95% more frequently than Nathan, who considers things privately in his own mind. He has to bear with me when I’ve got a lot to get out! Of course, there are no cut and dry rules and both of us drift into the opposite territory now and again. Nearly everyone possesses characteristics of both extremes.

Introvert – Extravert Travel Tips
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Traveling as a ‘Vert

As a traveler, it may be easier to be an extravert, particularly if you’re traveling alone. Meeting people is often more doable when your inner energy is driving you to connect with others. Then again, traveling alone might be the dream for an introvert. Total freedom, total anonymity. It’s alone time all the time.
But whether you are an introvert or an extravert, travel is for everyone.
When traveling as a couple, there are many challenges that come into play. Add to that the balance of extraversion and introversion and you’ve got another quandary to contend with.
How do you travel successfully as a couple when one of you is an introvert and the other is an extravert?
After more than 3 1/2 years together, we’ve discovered several key ways to make sure your travel experience is fulfilling and wonderful… for the both of you.

Know Yourself

The best way to ensure your needs are met at home or on the road is to know what those needs are. This has been especially important for Nathan as an introvert. After days without any time on his own, Nathan knows he needs that break. Even I, his favorite person, can drain him after awhile. I’ve learned not to take that personally, but to realize that this is simply the nature of the introvert.Nathan knows he needs to have this time alone, so he has to plan for it. It’s easy to ignore that yearning to dive into a book or go for a solitary walk, but if he neglects his needs, he starts to get distracted, irritable, or even stop talking altogether.
DSC_0553
When traveling as a couple, it’s a good idea to take time by yourself every couple of days, particularly if you are traveling long term. While I personally don’t usually feel a pressing need to do this, when Nathan goes off to recharge, I find that I, too, treasure this time on my own. I can shop all afternoon, go on a long, thoughtful walk, or sit around the hotel room and belt out showtunes to my heart’s content. And admittedly, singing loudly is sometimes what I need to recharge!

Balance Your Activities

The most successful relationships are those in which both people are willing to meet their partner’s needs, even if occasionally that means their own play second fiddle. Though Nathan is not as keen on constantly meeting new people or making rambunctious travel Snapchat videos with me (psst! follow us at twodrifters) he will do these things. Why? Because he loves me. While at times we may spend an afternoon or several hours on our own, mostly, we like to be together. Everything is more fun and more memorable when it is shared with our fellow drifter. So, now and then, we choose to give of ourselves for the other person’s happiness. In long-term love, it’s just what you do.
Since Nathan does it for me, I repay the favor. We ensure that our travel plans are pleasing to both of us. Fortunately, a lot of our interests are very similar, so we have plenty of activities we both want to pursue, but when our interests or preferences diverge, we make sure to include each of them in our trip.

1265616_1461766640723040_3891273548152869179_o (2)Have a Code Word

It’s all about balance. As the extravert in this couple, I know I have to remain attentive to how Nathan feels (although the real responsibility for that lies with him). If we are out and about or socializing heavily with new people, we have a code word we’ve agreed upon that lets me know Nathan is fading fast. Introverts can only give so much, and though our lively conversations may be invigorating to me, they may be stealing every shred of energy from him. When the code word is spoken, we know it is time to wrap it up. This may mean we bid goodnight and head back home together, or it might mean Nathan excuses himself and lets me spend some more time socializing with friends. Either solution is great, and ensures we both get what we want and need.

Have Fun YOUR Way

As an introvert, Nathan says he often feels a certain pressure to be more social or to want to be outgoing. These pressures can increase when a person is traveling. You feel pushed to “take advantage” of every possible activity and meet every other traveler. Isn’t that what travelers are supposed to do? But most of the time, that isn’t what Nathan naturally craves, and sometimes, forced social situations, or moving fast to see every single site ends up as nothing but stress. You know what? He’s had to come to terms with the fact that that is okay. We are all unique and different and though he’d prefer to read in a coffee shop than party in a crowded pub or beat the crowds to the Trevi Fountain, that decision is completely normal and acceptable. And extravert or not, I am generally on the same page. Couches, lattes, and books are our jam.

Consider Accommodation Carefully

As we get older (cough cough, 30’s) we know we’ll stay in hostel dorm rooms less and less. When we were younger and single, dorms were fine. In fact, with a low budget they were ideal. But now we know we crave privacy as a couple, and would rather shell out a bit more cash to have the comfort and sanity of our own private room. Knowing that Nathan is an introvert, I can’t imagine how he handled those crowded, noisy dorm rooms in the past. A moment alone is impossible to obtain in those situations. If you are an introvert, consider springing for a single room if you’re on your own, or try to opt for the smallest possible dorm. Both solo and as a couple, knowing and meeting your needs starts to come first where travel is concerned. Saving a few pennies is not worth your happiness.
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Most Importantly, Communicate

Nearly every relationship issue can be solved by simple, ongoing communication. How will your partner know what you need if you don’t tell them? Even now, as well as I know Nathan, he has to let me know when he’s yearning for alone time. And if I’m having a rough day and need to vent and cuddle, Nathan doesn’t automatically know this. I just have to ask.
Keeping an ongoing dialogue about our needs is what ensures we travel happily and successfully together.
And the next piece? Compromise. A mature relationship is about working together as a team. When one team member needs us, we have to roll up our sleeves and help them out. This isn’t always easy or pleasant (in fact sometimes it’s a downright pain), but if you love someone, it’s what you do.
And if you’re both committed to doing your best, when its your turn to be down and out, it’s your partner’s turn to be your solid rock. Compromise and giving when its needed will ensure that your introvert/extravert travels–and your life together–will truly go the distance.

The fear of travel

The Fear of Travel: A Fireside Chat with Rick Steves

There is a lot of fear floating around the world these days. Each time I turn on the news, there are images of destruction and unrest all around the world. It’s no wonder people are fearful of travel. When all you see are countries in turmoil, you want to hold up in your own little corner and wait for things to settle down. But if you hold onto that fear of travel, you’ll be missing out.

fear of travel
Recently we spent some time with my parents in Florida. Mom and dad had 24 hour news stations going on whenever we were in the house. It was a barrage of constant negativity and destruction. They could filter it out and not let it affect them, but I felt depressed just watching it. When we told them our next stop after Florida was Dubai, my dad’s question was, Is it safe? As I read Rick Steves latest Op-Ed for the Los Angeles Times entitled Tune out Cable News and Turn Away Fear, I thought of my dad’s question. Rick Steves first line states “I miss the days when people would say “Bon voyage” to travelers heading off. Today, Americans instead say “Travel safely.”

Fight the Fear of Travel

Fear of Travel
You don’t have to fear travel.
Dave and I have travelled the globe for 15 years. We’ve been to 105 countries, and in that time we’ve travelled through many places that people are afraid of. Places like Sudan. We visited Sri Lanka during an election following a 30 year civil war and we were in Myanmar during the reign of the military junta. I don’t think we ever had anyone say “be safe”, or ask us” is it safe to go there” more than we have these past few years. But does a riot in Baltimore stop you from traveling to New York or LA? Of course not.
If I went by the images on my TV set, I’d never travel to the United States. Last year there were shootings at Canada’s national parliament. The images on the news were terrifying, but that hasn’t stopped people from visiting our country. So why do so many people decide not to travel abroad when something happens elsewhere?
Fear of travel
A Warm welcome in Sudan
We have always believed that travel breaks down barriers and opens people’s minds. That is why when we saw TripIt’s latest interview with Rick Steves talking about the fear of travel we were excited to share it. Rick Steves is a travel icon. He has been traveling through Europe for more than 30 years and  has seen it all.
When we first travelled to Paris in 1998, we watched his videos on VHS to get an idea of what to see and do. He says, “It is really no more dangerous now than it was before.” And we agree. Sadly, human nature hasn’t changed. There has been violence and corruption since the dawn of time and I don’t see anything changing any time soon. However, through our travels, we have seen and learned that the majority of people in the world are kind and good.

Rick Steves Discusses the Fear of Travel with TripIt

Now don’t get me wrong, Dave and I don’t go looking for trouble when traveling and we aren’t saying you should travel to unsafe places. We avoid places that have unrest or are in the middle of a military hotspot. We didn’t know elections were going on when we booked our flight to Sri Lanka, and when cycling through Africa, we made sure to steer clear of the Western side of the country and Darfur. As it turned out Myanmar, Sudan and Sri Lanka are the three countries that touched our hearts the most. The people were friendly and welcoming. They loved to talk to us and they made us feel safe. We aren’t saying to seek out areas of unrest, but we are saying, don’t let the images flashing through your TV screen scare you off leaving your house.
Need help overcoming your fear of travel? Read Gise and Andy’s Post:Top 10 Fears of Becoming a Traveler

What is Fear?

fear of tavel
Travel helps educate us.
Fear is the unknown. Get out there and educated yourself and learn about other cultures and religions and you’ll see that we are all more similar than you think. Rick Steves says, “The flip side of fear is understanding, and we gain understanding when we travel.”
We’re not talking about travel to Disneyland. It was a sad statistic when Steves said that the only guidebooks that outsell his are the guide books to Disneyland. Is that what people think travel is? I like Disney, but wouldn’t you rather do something real than fabricated? I have had people talk to me about the international food they ate at Epcot Center like they were actually visiting Italy. It’s not the same people. Rick Steves is a little more eloquent than I am and simply says, “Maybe branch out a little bit.” After four or five trips to Orlando, maybe you could consider somewhere else like Portugal. That’s excellent advice.
do not fear travel
Smiling book sellers in Yangon, Myanmar.
Dave and I have been to Disneyland, Epcot, and Universal. We enjoy them for what they are, they are play time and they’re not real. We forget about them once we leave and the fun is over. Travel stays with us for years to come. We have never learned so much as we have during our travels. I think we are better people because of it. Travel is the best education. You can read all you want in a text book or look at photographs and research online, but until you visit a place and experience the sights, the smells and the sounds, you won’t understand it.

Travel to Places People don’t Understand

fear of travel
Hanging out with locals in the Sudanese desert.
Many people worry about Iran, but we have only heard incredible things about the people there and it’s been high on our list of places to visit for some time. But looking at the news, one would never consider a visit to Iran. We were happy to hear that Rick Steves visited Tehran and talked about how he was nervous to bring his big camera. He didn’t know how the public would react to an American video crew. It turned out, he has never encountered such friendly people anywhere. This is a man that has been everywhere.
So the message is, don’t let your fears stop you from traveling. It’s a big world out there filled with beautiful people. Isn’t it time we started celebrating the diversity of the world rather than fearing it?
Traveling has never been easier and TripIt wants to help you make your travels easier. Visit www.tripit.com/pro and use promo code “Rick Steves” for 30 days free, plus 20% off a year of TripIt Pro. 
*Offer valid for first-time Pro users only. Promotion applies only to purchases made on the TripIt website and is valid for a one year subscbription to TripIt Pro. After one year, the subscription price will be the regular